Hair waving apparatus



Sept. 1l, 1934. Q DECKER 1,973,336

HAIR wAvING APAnATUs Filed Oct. 5l. 1932 NH .Il

El' Z Mge INVENTOR.

@MV/MM40@ ATTORNEYS,

Patented Sept. 11, 1934 1,973,336. HAIR'WAVING APPARATUS George Decker, Cleveland, Ohio, assigner to The Phlad Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corpora.-

tion of Ohio Application october 31, 193e, serial No. 640,423:` i

z claims. (ci. 13e- 33) This invention relates to apparatus for the permanent waving of human hair, and more particularly to apparatus for producing the style of wavngnow known as the Croquignole type.

An object of the inventionfis to provide an improved means for winding and retaining a strand of hair which will be simple to operate.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus in which a curler rod will be eectively locked. against rotation in one direction.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus in which a spring effecting the locking of the curler rod is protected.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will wave the hair closely adjacent the scalp of the wearer.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment thereof illustrated 1n the accompanying drawing, in which;

Figure 1 isla perspective view of the parts of the apparatus showing them in opened and spaced relation;

Figure 2 'is a cross-sectional View of one .end of the protector clamp of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the blank from which the pawl of the protector clamp is formed;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view 0n the line 1li-IV of Figure 1; and

Figure 5 is aside elevational View of the curler rod of Figure 1, parts being shown in section.

.In the Croquignole style of permanently ,waving hair upon the human head, the hair upon the subjects scalp is divided into a plurality of ilat strands, and each strand is retained adjacent the scalp of the wearer by a protector clamp. The hair of the strand is then wound from its outer end toward the clamp upon a spool-shaped rod, and after the winding the strand and rod are enclosed within some kind of a covering or envelope and heated, so that moisture which has previously been supplied to the hair is evaporated and imparts to the hair a permanent set or wave.

One form of curler rod and protector clamp is illustrated in the prior patent to Decker No. 1,683,531, while another form is shown in the patent to Spaeth No. 1,746,018, the latter patent showing a pad identical to that illustrated in Figure 1.

The protector clamp herein illustrated consists of two arms pivotally connected together at one end and detachably clamped at the other.

One ofthe arms consists of a channel-shaped member 1 which may conveniently be stamped from sheet metal, and within the open, side of which a smaller channel-shaped piece 2 is placed,A

the flanges of the channel 2 being lapped over theA two channels are spaced apart, providing an air space within the arm.

Channel member 2 serves as a carrier for a strip 3 of rubber or other elastic material, having on its exposed side upwardly and downwardly extending fianges which overlie the edges of the metal. The outer portion of the arm 1, that is at 'the bottom of the U, is upwardly odset, as indicated at 4, to serve as a seat for one edge of carrier 2, and also to reduce the width ofthe exposed side of the arm 1.

Secured to the underside of channel 1 and spaced therefrom is a strip of heat insulating material 5, preferably of Wood, and for this purpose balsa wood has been found particularly suitable, being light in weight and efficient for insulation against the transfer of heat.

The upper inner edge of bar 5 is recessed, as indicated at 6, to provide an extension of the air space under the offset portion of arm 1, to further insulate the arm and bar from each other and prevent transfer of heat therebetween. The arm and bar may be secured by rivets, spacers or lugs edges of the channel 1, so that the webs of the such, for instance, as are` shown in the patents above referred to, or in Decker Patent No. 1,873,- 874, of August 23, 1932.

The other arm 'l is constructed in a manner very similar to ann 1 excepting that the upward flange is bent inwardly and downwardly to form a longitudinally extending space 8 throughout the length of the arm, this space serving to receive the thickened edge 9 of a pad 10.

The pad above mentioned is such as that shown in the patent to Spaeth, above referred to, and consists of an inner foraminous ply 11 of foil, backed with a similar ply of paper or the like, a central ply 12 of absorbent material, and an outer ply 13 of moisture retaining material such as parchment or other relatively impervious material, the three plies being secured together to form the thickened edge 9.

Arm '7 also has a smaller channel 14 similar toV channel 2 and which, likewise, is provided with a strip of rubber or other resilient material l5. It also has secured to and spaced from its lower surface a bar of heat insulating material 16 similar to bar 5.

The arms are joined adjacent one end by a rivet or like pivot 17, and at this end the channel l has formed upon it an upwardly extending bearing member consisting of a flange 18 having a circular cradl"`or-bearing flanged portion 19 and an upwardly extending projection 20, the latter being provided with a flange 21 extending in the lengthwise direction of the channel, and which may be secured to this by a rivet 22 or the like. Of course, this bearing member could be formed integrally with the channel or secured thereto in any desired manner, asby riveting, welding or brazing.

Secured upon the bearing member is a pawl` made from a blank such as illustrated in Figure 3, the blank being bent upon the dotted lines in this figure into a hollow form which is substantially channel-shaped throughout itslower portion and rectangular at its upper portion. 'Ihe upper hook-like portion of this pawl 23 serves as the rod engaging portion thereof, while the lower vcriminel-shaped portion 24 embraces the extension of the bearing memberand serves as a guide for the pawl, as well asv to enclose the spring 25 by which it is moved in one direction. The pawl is pivoted to the bearing member by a rivet 28.

Passing around this rivet and bearing upon the flange 2l at one end and upon the interior ofthe pawl at the other end, is the spring 25 which urges the pawl in the left hand direction, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

'At the free end of arm '1 are pivoted two links 27 and 28 by means of a rivet, and pivoted between the ends of these links, as upon a rivet 29, is

a cam or eccentric latching member 30 provided with an upwardly extending handle or flange 31, which may be conveniently engaged by the nnger of the operator and which is outwardly curved to provide a comfortable bearing therefor.

Link 27 has a short flange 32 formed upon its' upper surface, which acts as a stop, bearing upon the end of channel l to limit the position into which the links may be swung. The outer surface of arm l is inwardly indented or recessed, as indicated at 33, to permit the latching member and ends of the links to fit within the recess, so that they do not proj ect beyond the outer straight edge of arm l.

Upon the "upper surface of link 28 is an upwardly extending ange 34 having at its outer edge an arcuate longitudinally extending flange 35 corresponding to flange 19 at the other end of the clamp. i

The curler rod consists of a molded body with a metal reinforcement extending therethrough, and is best illustrated in Figure 5. In this figure, the reinforcement is shown as a circular bar 36 having a knurled or otherwise roughened exterior surface. About this bar is molded a substantially hvperboloidal body 37 of phenolic resin composition, porcelains, or other heat insulating material having at its center flutes or grooves 38 and formed at one end with a trunnion-like extension 39 adapted to rest upon flange 35.

The end of the reinforcing bar remote from 39 is formed with an enlarged head 40 having an extending flange 4l whichmay be engaged by a wrench or like tool for rotating the rod. Secured to the head 40 by a rivet 42 is a hollow sleeve 43, provided on its exterior with ratchet teeth 44 adapted to be engaged by pawl 23.

The operation of the device is as follows:-

The hair is divided into flat strands and one strand inserted between the arms of the protector clamp. Links 27 and 28 are then swung to embrace the end of channel l, and latch 30 is rotated into position in recess 33 in the outer side of channel 1 to clamp the arms together, gripping the hair between the rubber members 3 and 15.

Next, the operator places the tips-oi the hair strand over the rod at the fluted central portion thereof, and winds the hair byrotating the rod 35, the ratchet teeth 44 being in position to 'be engaged by end 23 of the pawl.

'I'he operator may then rotate the rod further to apply any desired tension on the hair, this tension being maintained by the pawl snapping onto the teeth on the rod and so holding it in its -ad- `justed position. f 'i The pad 10,-'moistened with a suitable solution, is applied by having its thickened edge slid into yslot 8` and is then wrapped about the wound strand, afterwhich a heater may be placed over the pad and heat applied to impart a permanent wave to the hair.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment of my invention in some particularity, obviously many others will` readily occur to those skilled in this art, and I do not, therefore, limit 'myself to the precise details shown and described, l

but claim as my invention all embodiments thereof coming lwithin the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: l

1. Hair waving apparatusA comprising a protector clamp and a curler rod, the protector clamp having an upwardly extending bearing adjacent one end, a hollow pawl embracing and pivoted to vvsaid bearing, recesses in the rod circumferentially arranged to be engaged by seid pawl. and a spring enclosed within the pawl and acting between the pawl and bearing.

2. Hair waving apparatus including a protector clamp and a curler rod, the protector clampcomprising two arms articulated togethena cradle adjacent one end of one of said arms and having an upwardly extending ange, a channel-shaped member pivoted to said arm embracing said flange and having its upper end formed into a hook-like pawl, and a spring within said 4channel-shaped member and bearing upon the same to extend the hook-like portion over the cradle, and the curler rod having recesses adjacent one end adapted to be engaged by said pawl.

3. Hair waving apparatus including a protector clamp and a curler rod, the protector clamp comprising two arms articulated together, a cradle adjacent one end of one of said arms and having an upwardly extending flange, a channelshaped member pivoted to said arm embracing lll() said flange and having it's upper end formed into a hook-like pawl, and a spring within said channel-shaped member and bearing upon the same to extend the hook-like portion over the cradle, the curler rod having recesses adjacent one end adapted to be engaged by said pawl, said clamps having links pivoted to the free end of one of the arms and adapted to embrace the free end of the other, a cam latch pivoted to said links, 'and a cradle formed upon the upper surface of one of said links.

4. Hair waving apparatus including a protector clamp and a curler rod, the protector clamp comprising two arms articulated together, a cradle adjacent one end of one of said arms and having an upwardly extending flange, a channelshaped member pivoted to said arm embracing said flange and having itsupper end formed into ses a hook-like pawl, and a spring within said chan'- nel-shaped member and'bearinz upon the same to extend the hook-like portion over the cradle, and a curler--rcd having recesses adjacent one end adapted to be engaged by said pawl, said. clamps having links pivoted to the tree end of one of the arms and adapted to embrace the free end of the other. a cam latch pivoted to said links, a cradle formed upon the upper' 'sur-tace ot one of. said links, and a stopupon theother o! said links adapted to ensue the free end ofthe n other armlto locate the links thereabout.

5. A curler rod comprising a central ing bar, a ratchet secured to said bar, and aj' covering otilieat insulating material molded abouti:

said bai'.

6. `A curler rod comprising a central reiniorc# GEORGE DECKER.

A( ne 

